TLE-IA LESSON 4 TYPES/SOURCES OF INNOVATIVE FINISHING MATERIALS

TYPES/SOURCES OF INNOVATIVE FINISHING MATERIALS

I. OBJECTIVES:

A. Content Standards

Demonstrate an understanding of knowledge and skills in enhancing/decorating     products as an alternative source of income.

B. Performance Standards

Perform necessary skill in enhancing/decorating finished products.

C. Learning Competencies

Identify the types/sources of innovative finishing materials.

Discuss the types/sources of innovative finishing materials.

Cooperate actively in doing activity.

 LEARNING RESOURCES:

References:

1. Curriculum Guide Pages                - K-12, BEC 1.3.3, TLE6IA-Ob-3, p. 39

2. Learner’s Material Pages                - LM pages

3. Textbook Pages                             - Home Economics Livelihood Education 6 p.       119-125 (Author: Yolanda P. Bilgera)

Let's Review

Give examples of activities to determine market trends of finished products.

Discussion

Our country has vast natural resources where useful products are derived. The different kind of finishing materials like varnish, paint, lacquer, enamel shellac and many more had their sources.

In this lesson we are going to discuss the sources of finishing materials, accessories and designs.

There are sources of finishing materials like:

1.   Shellac – it is a good finish for many projects. It comes from the excreta of insects called a Lac bug. The colour is yellow and appears like small pieces of cellophane. Before it is used, it is mixed with denatured alcohol.

Lac Bug

Shellac

2.   Varnish – it is another finishing material that beautifies and preserves a project. It is made from copal gum dissolved in pure boiled linseed oil. Copal gum comes from resin of pine trees buried several feet below the ground. Linseed oil comes from oil of cotton seed. When varnish becomes sticky and hard, add turpentine to make it thin and usable again. Varnish and turpentine are sold in cans and bottles.

Linseed Oil

Copal Gum from Resin of Pine Trees

Varnish

3.   Paint – it is another finishing material that is always used because of its beautiful colour and a good protector of materials. The body of paint is a mixture of four elements: pigment, vehicle, thinner, and drier. It comes in cans of different sizes. When the paint gets sticky or hard, add paint thinner. If thinner is not available, use gasoline or petroleum as a substitute.

Paint

4.   Lacquer – this is a synthetic product which is largely used in all manufactured articles. This finishing material could retain the natural colour of the material to which it is applied. Like varnish and shellac it is sold in cans and bottles. The solvent used is lacquer thinner.

Lacquer

5.   Stain (Tina) – stain is colouring material which is applied to the surface of a wood to improve its appearance. There are three kinds of stain: oil stain, water stain, and spirit stain.

Oil-based Wood Stain

When you mix the dye (tina) with petroleum, the result is oil stain. When the dye is mixed with water, it is now water stain. When the dye is mixed with alcohol, the mixture is called spirit stain.

Water-based Stains sold in cans

The dye is sold in boxes or in kilos. Spirit stain is ready mixed. It is sold in cans and bottles. All of these stains are applied by means of brush, spray, or cotton cloth.

Different colors of Dyes

6.   Sandpaper – it is made of grits, usually ground silica, flint, quartz, or emery glued to thick paper or cloth. Sandpaper for wood is called flint paper and for metal it is called emery cloth at present we have water proof abrasive for metal. Both are used for smoothing rough surface of objects.

Sand Paper in different colors

7.   Glue – glue is a paste for wood materials. It is in powder or in cake form. It is manufactured from fish, animals, and plastic resin.

Wood Glue

For a 5-item quiz, go to - https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5f015506ffd01a001d7a9998